Spray pyrolysis is a process in which a thin film is deposited by spraying a solution on a heated surface, where the constituent reacts to form a chemical compound. The process is particularly useful for the deposition of oxides and has long been a production method for applying a transparent electrical conductor of Tin oxide (SnO2) or Stannic oxide to a glass substrate. Now this technique is increasingly used to prepare perovskite thin film, such as in perovskite solar cell.

 MSK-USP-02 is a desktop ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) equipment, where parameters like dispensing rate of the solution and speed of spray head movement are precisely controlled by a software interface. A positive displacement pump controlled by a stepper motor is used to dispense solution as per requirement. The ultrasonic spray head provides thin film coating and its movement is controlled by the stepper motor driven linear stages in X and Y direction to ensure uniform coating. The spray pattern and velocity can be adjusted by changing the compressed air pressure at the nozzle. The temperature of the substrate heater plate is controlled independently through a dedicated controller.

Power Input	•  Single phase 208 - 240 VAC,  50/60 Hz      •  Please order a 1500 W transformer for running the machine only at 110 V      •  Actuator: Stepper motor, 24 VDC
Dimensions	Machine Overall            Chamber Size
Dispenser	•  Three Spray heads are included          º  Ultrasonic spray head (compressed air assisted) for uniform, thin film coating          º  Compressive air spray for thick film coating          º  20 mL syringe pump with compressive air nazzle for thick film coating of small quantity solution.                                            •  Dispensing unit capacity: 50 mL & 250 mL (two containers included) container      •  Container dispensing rate: 1-20 mL / min adjustable via software      •  Syringe pump dispensing rate: 20 μL/min - 10 mL/min adjustable via software      •  One brand new laptop computer or one Microsoft Surface Pro with pre-installed software is included.          (Pls select at the Product Options)
Sprayer	•  Ultrasonic atomizer nozzle: 40 kHz, 130 W      •  Producing a fine spray of droplets of 50 microns average size      •  Fluid viscosity range: 1 - 50 mPa·s (cP)      •  Sprayer traverse:  X - Y 200 mm max      •  Drive speed X axis: 10-800 mm / sec      •  Drive speed Y axis:  1-12 mm / sec      •  Note: you may use inner gas or compress air to shape the spray pattern and increase spray velocity
Air Compressor	•  Compressed air with a pressure of ~ 4 bar is required for normal operation of the unit      •  One compact air compressor is included for immediate use      •  Attention: If a gas cylinder is used instead of air compressor(pic2), a two-stage pressure         regulator(pic1)         must be installed on the gas cylinder to limit the pressure within the required working range         for safe  operation. Click here to learn the installation of a gas regulator.      pic1                pic2
Substrate Base Plate	•  Dimension: 150 mm × 150 mm      •  Max temperature: 500°C      •  PC connectivity: RS232 port (Software included, but need PC for operation)
Software	•  The system controller box is connected to laptop or Surface Pro via RS232 port and USB adapter      •  Centralized software control of dispensing rate, X-Y stage movement, solution loading and draining      •  All of the process parameters can be saved as a user process and retrieved later for analysis or re-run      •  One brand new laptop computer or one Microsoft Surface Pro with pre-installed software is included.         (Please select at Product Options)
Warranty	•  One year limited warranty with lifetime support (demo before purchase available)
Compliance	•  CE certified
Operation Instruction & Demo Video
Application Note	•  Many factors affects the quality of the coating as below.  Customer needs test to find the best         processing parameter          º   Cleanliness          º   Surface area          º   Surface topography or profile          º   Temperature ( thermal energy )          º   Time ( reaction rates, cooling rates etc.)          º   Velocity ( kinetic energy )          º   Physical & chemical properties          º   Physical & chemical reactions
Reference Articles	•  Efficient inorganic–organic hybrid heterojunction solar cells containing perovskite compound and polymeric hole          conductors      •  UCLA researchers improve process for manufacturing highly efficient solar cells      •  Sub 150° C Processed Meso-superstructure Perovskite Solar Cells with Enhanced Efficiency      •  Properties of TiO2 Films Prepared by the Spray Pyrolysis Method
Shipping	•  Two pallets: 860 lbs with 49" x 48" x 72" dimension, and 190 lbs with 48" x 40" x 35" dimension
Application Notes	•  Be cautious of using harzardous materials. The working chamber of this unit is not flame-proof,         explosive proof or vacuum sealed. Contact your health and safety department manager for detail         material handling instruction and prevention/protection practises and recommandations.         If you need a vacuum sealed safety chamber please consider the MSK-USP-06.